We do not have planting dates for zone 12b yet. Every crop we cover tops out below this zone, so the calendar below is empty rather than wrong. Zone 11 is the closest we cover: see the zone 11 calendar.

Zone 12a & 12b Planting Calendar

Every listed crop, timed for zone 12b. Zones 12a and 12b share the same average frost dates, so this calendar covers both. Not sure this is your zone? Change it using the zone picker at the top of the page.

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This zone has a single frost date, and the windows below are based on it. That date is a long-term average, not a forecast: it shifts from year to year, and a microclimate within your zone (a valley, a coastline, an urban heat island) can run meaningfully earlier or later than the regional average. Use these windows as a starting point and watch your local forecast as the date approaches.

None of the 342 plants we track are rated for zone 12b. They're temperate crops and this is a tropical zone. The dates below are shown for reference, but expect most of these to struggle here. Your local extension office is a better guide for this climate.

I = start indoors · S = direct sow / transplant outside · T = transplant (buy as a start). Click any column heading to sort.

Plant	Spacing	Height	Est. harvest	Jan	Mar	Aug	Oct	Nov	Dec
7 Pot Douglah Pepper (Chocolate 7 Pot)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2.5-3 ft	~95 days	S			I
7 Pot Primo Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2.5-3.5 ft	~110 days	S			I
Achira⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	4-8 ft	~180 days	S				I
African Daisy⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~60 days	S
Ageratum (Flossflower)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~75 days	S				I
Agrostemma (Corn Cockle)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~75 days						I/S
Aji Amarillo Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2.5-3.5 ft	~90 days	S			I
Amaranthus (Love-Lies-Bleeding)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	3-5 ft	~90 days	S				I
Amaryllis⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Toxic	1 per sq ft	1-3 ft	First real harvest the season after planting	S
American Ginseng⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	~1200 days after direct-sowing	S
Ammi (False Queen Anne's Lace)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	3-4 ft	~100 days	S				I
Ammobium (Winged Everlasting)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~80 days	S				I
Anaheim Pepper (New Mexico, Hatch)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~78 days	S				I
Angelica⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~2 sq ft each	6-8 ft	~365 days after direct-sowing						S
Angelonia (Summer Snapdragon)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~98 days	S				I
Anise⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~130 days	S
Anise Hyssop⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~78 days	S				I
Annual Geranium (Pelargonium)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~90 days	S			I
Apple⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	15-20 ft	First real harvest in year 4						T
Apricot⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	13-16 ft	First real harvest in year 4						T
Aronia (Black Chokeberry)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	4-8 ft	First real harvest in year 3						T
Artichoke⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~5 sq ft each	3-4 ft	~95 days				I		S
Arugula⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	~40 days					S
Asparagus⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	4-5 ft	First real harvest in year 3						S
Astilbe⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	1.5-4.5 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Bachelor's Button (Cornflower)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	3 per sq ft	1-3 ft	~75 days					I	S
Basil⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~60 days	S				I
Basket-of-Gold⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Bee Balm⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-4 ft	~100 days	T
Beet⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~55 days						S
Belgian Endive (Witloof)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~120 days	S
Bell Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	~75 days	S				I
Bells of Ireland⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~90 days					I	S
Birdhouse Gourd⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~10 sq ft each	8-15 ft	~95 days	S
Black-Eyed Susan⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~70 days					I	S
Black-Eyed Susan Vine⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	3-8 ft	~100 days	S				I
Blackberry⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~9 sq ft each	5-8 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						T
Bleeding Heart⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	2-3 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Blueberry⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	3-6 ft	First real harvest in year 3						T
Bok Choy⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1 ft	~50 days	S				I
Borage⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	~55 days	S
Broccoli⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~65 days					I	S
Broccoli Rabe (Raab)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~45 days						S
Broccolini⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~55 days	S				I
Brussels Sprouts⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~95 days					I	S
Bupleurum (Thoroughwax)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~90 days					I	S
Burdock⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	2-4 ft	~120 days	S
Bush Beans⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~55 days	S
Butterfly Weed (Asclepias)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	~365 days after transplanting	S				I
Cabbage⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~70 days					I	S
Calendula⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~50 days					I	S
California Bluebell⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~70 days	S
California Poppy⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~80 days						S
Calla Lily⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Toxic	1 per sq ft	2-3.5 ft	First real harvest the season after planting	S
Campanula (Bellflower)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	2.5-3.5 ft	~120 days	S				I
Candytuft⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~70 days						S
Cantaloupe⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	0.5-1 ft	~80 days	S					I
Caraway⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~365 days after direct-sowing						S
Cardoon⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	3-4 ft	~120 days	S				I
Carnation⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	2-2.5 ft	~135 days					I	S
Carolina Reaper Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	4-5 ft	~115 days	S			I
Carrot⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	16 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~70 days						S
Carthamus (Safflower)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~90 days	S					I
Castor Bean⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Toxic	~10 sq ft each	6-10 ft	~100 days	S
Catmint⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~80 days	S				I
Catnip⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	~80 days	S				I
Cauliflower⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~70 days					I	S
Cayenne Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	~70 days	S				I
Celeriac (Celery Root)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~100 days				I		S
Celery⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~120 days				I		S
Celosia⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	1-2.5 ft	~80 days	S				I
Celtuce (Stem Lettuce)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~80 days						I/S
Cerinthe (Honeywort)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~75 days	S				I
Chamomile (German)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~60 days	S				I
Chervil⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~60 days					I	S
Chile de Árbol Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~85 days	S				I
China Aster⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	~90 days	S				I
Chives⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~60 days					I	S
Chrysanthemum (Garden Mum)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-3 ft	First real harvest the season after planting	S				I
Cilantro⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~50 days	S
Citronella Plant (Mosquito Plant)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	2-3 ft	~60 days	T
Clarkia (Farewell-to-Spring)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-3 ft	~75 days						I/S
Claytonia (Miner's Lettuce)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	3-6 in	~40 days	S
Cleome (Spider Flower)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-6 ft	~75 days	S				I
Coleus⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	0.5-3 ft	~75 days	S			I
Collard Greens⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~70 days					I	S
Columbine⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	~365 days after transplanting	S			I
Coreopsis (Tickseed)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~80 days	S				I
Corn Poppy⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~90 days						S
Cosmos⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-6 ft	~70 days	S				I
Cranberry Hibiscus⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	3.5-6 ft	~100 days	S				I
Craspedia (Drumstick Flower)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~115 days	S				I
Crocus⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	12 per sq ft	3-6 in	~150 days	S
Cubanelle Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~70 days	S				I
Cucamelon⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	8-13.5 ft	~70 days	S					I
Cucumber⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	5-6 ft	~55 days	S					I
Cumin⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~120 days	S
Currant⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	3-5 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						T
Cutting Celery (Leaf Celery)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1.5 ft	~65 days	S				I
Cynoglossum (Chinese Forget-Me-Not)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~75 days						I/S
Daffodil (Narcissus)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	5 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~150 days	S
Dahlia⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-5 ft	~90 days	S
Daikon Radish⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~60 days	S
Dandelion (Cultivated)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	~60 days	S
Datil Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~95 days	S			I
Delphinium⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	3-6 ft	~150 days	T
Desert Marigold⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~75 days	S
Didiscus (Blue Lace Flower)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~90 days	S
Dill⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~55 days						S
Dorset Naga Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	3-4 ft	~95 days	S			I
Dusty Miller⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~90 days	S			I
Dutch Iris⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~210 days	S
Echinops (Globe Thistle)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~2 sq ft each	2.5-4 ft	~365 days after transplanting	S				I
Edamame (Soybean)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~85 days	S
Eggplant⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~75 days	S				I
Elderberry⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	8-10 ft	First real harvest in year 3						T
Epazote⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Toxic	~2 sq ft each	2-5 ft	~60 days	S
Eryngium (Sea Holly)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~365 days after transplanting	S			I
Escarole (Endive)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~85 days						I/S
Eucalyptus⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-4 ft	~100 days	S			I
Euphorbia (Snow-on-the-Mountain)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~80 days	S				I
Fava Bean (Broad Bean)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	2-4 ft	~77 days						S
Fennel (Florence/bulbing)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~90 days	S				I
Feverfew⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	2.5-3 ft	~80 days	S				I
Fig⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	8-15 ft	First real harvest the season after planting	T
Flower Sprouts⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~100 days					I	S
Forget-Me-Not⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~70 days						S
Four O'Clock⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~2 sq ft each	2-3 ft	~70 days	S
Foxglove⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Toxic	1 per sq ft	2-5 ft	~365 days after transplanting	S			I
Fresno Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~75 days	S				I
Gai Lan (Chinese Broccoli)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~45 days						S
Gaillardia (Blanket Flower)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~80 days	S				I
Garlic⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~240 days			S
Garlic Chives (Chinese Leeks)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~80 days	S				I
Gazania⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~75 days	S				I
Ghost Pepper (Bhut Jolokia)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	3-4 ft	~115 days	S			I
Gladiolus⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	2-4 ft	~90 days						S
Goji Berry⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	3-6 ft	First real harvest in year 3						T
Goldenseal⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1 ft	~1200 days after direct-sowing	S
Gomphrena (Globe Amaranth)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~90 days	S				I
Gooseberry⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	3-4 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						T
Grape⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	6-10 ft	First real harvest in year 3						T
Ground Cherry (Husk Cherry)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~2 sq ft each	2-3 ft	~77 days	S				I
Guajillo Pepper (Mirasol)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~75 days	S				I
Gypsophila (Baby's Breath)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~75 days	S				I
Habanero Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~95 days	S			I
Helipterum (Paper Daisy)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~80 days	S				I
Heuchera (Coral Bells)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-3 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Hollyhock⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~5 sq ft each	5-9 ft	~180 days						S
Honesty (Lunaria)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Spreads aggressively	~2 sq ft each	2-3 ft	~120 days	S
Honeyberry (Haskap)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	3-6 ft	First real harvest in year 3						T
Horehound⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Horseradish⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~180 days	S
Hosta⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	0.5-2.5 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Hungarian Wax Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~70 days	S				I
Hyacinth⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	5 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~150 days	S
Hyacinth Bean Vine⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	6-12 ft	~90 days	S
Hyssop⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~85 days	S				I
Impatiens⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	0.5-2 ft	~75 days	S			I
Italian Frying Pepper (Corno di Toro, Marconi)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2.5-3 ft	~70 days	S				I
Jalapeño Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~72 days	S				I
Jicama⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Toxic	1 per sq ft	8-15 ft	~150 days	S				I
Johnny Jump Up⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	3-10 in	~65 days				I		S
Kale⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~60 days					I	S
Kalettes⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~100 days					I	S
Kohlrabi⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~55 days					I	S
Komatsuna⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~40 days						S
Komodo Dragon Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2.5-3 ft	~105 days	S			I
Lantana⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~7 sq ft each	1-2 ft	~90 days	T
Larkspur⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	3-4 ft	~95 days						S
Lavatera (Annual Mallow)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	2-4 ft	~90 days	S
Lavender⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-2.5 ft	~100 days	T
Leek⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~110 days				I		S
Lemon Balm⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~65 days	S				I
Lemon Drop Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	~100 days	S			I
Lemongrass⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-4 ft	~100 days	T
Lettuce⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~45 days						I/S
Liatris (Blazing Star)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	3-6 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Licorice Marigold⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	6-10 in	~60 days	S
Lima Bean⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~75 days	S
Lingonberry⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	First real harvest in year 3						T
Lisianthus⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	1-3 ft	~150 days	S			I
Lobelia⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	4-8 in	~80 days	S			I
Lovage⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	4-6.5 ft	~90 days	S				I
Love-in-a-Mist (Nigella)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~75 days						S
Luffa Gourd⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	8-15 ft	~125 days	S					I
Lupine⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~2 sq ft each	2-4 ft	~80 days						S
Mâche (Corn Salad)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	2-4 in	~50 days						S
Magenta Spreen⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	4-6 ft	~45 days						S
Maiden Pinks⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Malabar Spinach⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	6-10 ft	~70 days	S				I
Mallow (High Mallow)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	2-3 ft	~110 days	S
Marigold⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~50 days	S				I
Marjoram (Sweet)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~65 days	S				I
Mashua⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~2 sq ft each	2-8 ft	~210 days	S
Mauka⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~10 sq ft each	2-4 ft	~150 days	S				I
Mexican Mint Marigold⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	1.5 ft	~75 days	S				I
Milk Thistle⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Spreads aggressively · Restricted in some states	~4 sq ft each	3-5 ft	~120 days						S
Mini Sweet Pepper (Snacking)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-4 ft	~70 days	S				I
Mint (Spearmint)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~70 days	T
Mizuna⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~40 days						S
Molokhia (Egyptian Spinach)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	3-5 ft	~50 days	S
Moonflower⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	10-20 ft	~90 days	S				I
Morning Glory⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	8-10 ft	~75 days	S
Mountain Mint⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~90 days	S				I
Mugwort⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Spreads aggressively	~16 sq ft each	2-4 ft	First real harvest the season after planting	S
Mulberry⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	10-20 ft	First real harvest in year 4	T
Mustard Greens⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~40 days						S
Naga Viper Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~100 days	S			I
Nanking Cherry⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	8-12 ft	First real harvest in year 4						T
Napa Cabbage (Chinese Cabbage)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1 ft	~57 days	S					I
Nasturtium⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~55 days	S
Nicotiana (Flowering Tobacco)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	~75 days	S				I
Oca⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	~210 days	S
Okra⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	5-6 ft	~58 days	S					I
Onion⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	16 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~100 days					I	S
Orach (Mountain Spinach)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	3-5 ft	~45 days						S
Oregano⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~80 days	S				I
Orlaya (Laceflower)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	2-2.5 ft	~90 days					I	S
Ornamental Allium⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	5 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~195 days	S
Osteospermum⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-3 ft	~90 days	S				I
Padrón Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~60 days	S				I
Pansy / Viola⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	6-9 in	~65 days				I		S
Parsley⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~75 days					I	S
Parsley Root (Hamburg Parsley)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~90 days	S
Parsnip⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~110 days						S
Pasilla Pepper (Chilaca)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~80 days	S				I
Pawpaw⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	15-20 ft	First real harvest in year 5	T
Pea⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	8 per sq ft	3-6 ft	~60 days					S
Peach⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	12-15 ft	First real harvest in year 4						T
Peanut⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~130 days	S
Pear⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	14-18 ft	First real harvest in year 5						T
Pennyroyal⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Toxic	1 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	First real harvest the season after planting	S
Penstemon (Beardtongue)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-4 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Petunia⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~70 days	S			I
Phacelia (Lacy Phacelia)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	2.5-3.5 ft	~70 days						S
Phlox (Annual)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	~70 days					I	S
Pimento Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	~80 days	S				I
Pineapple Sage⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~10 sq ft each	3-5 ft	~90 days	T
Plum⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	15-18 ft	First real harvest in year 5						T
Poblano Pepper (Ancho)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-4 ft	~70 days	S				I
Portulaca (Moss Rose)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	4-8 in	~60 days	S				I
Potato⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~90 days						S
Primula⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	First real harvest the season after planting				I		S
Pumpkin⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~10 sq ft each	1-1.5 ft	~110 days	S
Purple Coneflower⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	2-3 ft	~365 days after planting				I		S
Purslane⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	4-8 in	~50 days	S					I
Quince⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	10-15 ft	First real harvest in year 4	T
Radicchio⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	~75 days	S					I
Radish⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	16 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~25 days						S
Ranunculus⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	5 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~105 days						S
Raspberry⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	5-6 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						T
Rhubarb⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~9 sq ft each	2-3 ft	First real harvest in year 3						S
Rock Soapwort⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	6-9 in	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Rocoto Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	3-4 ft	~120 days	S			I
Root Chervil⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~150 days				S
Roselle⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~10 sq ft each	4-7 ft	~150 days	S				I
Rosemary⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-4 ft	~90 days	S			I
Rue⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Toxic	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~90 days	S				I
Rutabaga⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~90 days		S
Saffron Crocus⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	4-10 in	~425 days after direct-sowing			S
Sage⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	~75 days	S				I
Salad Burnet⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~75 days	S				I
Salsify⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~120 days	S
Saltwort⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	~45 days	S
Salvia (Scarlet Sage)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~80 days	S				I
Saponaria (Soapwort)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~70 days						I/S
Scabiosa (Pincushion Flower)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	~120 days	S				I
Scallion (Green Onion)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~60 days						S
Scarlet Flax⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~70 days	S
Scarlet Runner Bean⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	6-9 ft	~70 days	S					I
Scorzonera (Black Salsify)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~120 days	S
Scotch Bonnet Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~90 days	S			I
Sea Kale⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~9 sq ft each	1.5-2.5 ft	First real harvest in year 3						S
Sedum (Showy Stonecrop)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	1-2 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Serrano Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~78 days	S				I
Serviceberry (Juneberry)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	6-15 ft	First real harvest in year 4						T
Shallot⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~108 days						S
Shasta Daisy⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	~105 days					I	S
Shishito Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~60 days	S				I
Shiso (Perilla)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-3 ft	~82 days	S
Showy Evening Primrose⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Spreads aggressively	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	First real harvest the season after planting	S
Skirret⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~1 sq ft each	1.5-2.5 ft	First real harvest the season after planting	S				I
Snapdragon⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	1-3 ft	~90 days				I		S
Sorrel⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~50 days					I	S
Spilanthes (Toothache Plant)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~65 days	S				I
Spinach⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~40 days						S
Statice⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-2.5 ft	~90 days	S				I
Stevia⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	~90 days	T
Stock⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	2-2.5 ft	~80 days	S				I
Strawberry⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	6-8 in	First real harvest the season after planting						T
Strawflower⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~80 days	S				I
Summer Savory⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	5-7 in	~60 days	S				I
Summer Squash (Yellow)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~55 days	S					I
Sunchoke (Jerusalem Artichoke)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	6-10 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Sunflower⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~2 sq ft each	3-12 ft	~80 days	S
Superhot Pepper (Ghost, Reaper, Scorpion)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~135 days	S			I
Sweet Alyssum⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	3 per sq ft	3-10 in	~40 days	S				I
Sweet Annie (Artemisia)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	4-6 ft	~100 days	S				I
Sweet Banana Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~70 days	S				I
Sweet Cherry⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	16-20 ft	First real harvest in year 5						T
Sweet Cherry Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-2.5 ft	~75 days	S				I
Sweet Corn⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	5-8 ft	~75 days	S
Sweet Pea⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	5-8 ft	~85 days					S
Sweet Potato⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	0.5-1 ft	~110 days	S				I
Sweet William⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~60 days					I	S
Swiss Chard⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~55 days						I/S
Tabasco Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2.5-4 ft	~85 days	S			I
Tansy⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Toxic · Restricted in some states	1 per sq ft	1-5 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Tarragon (French)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	~65 days	T
Tart Cherry⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~16 sq ft each	12-16 ft	First real harvest in year 4						T
Tatsoi⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	4-8 in	~45 days						S
Thai Chili Pepper (Bird's Eye)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	~80 days	S				I
Thyme⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~90 days	S				I
Tithonia (Mexican Sunflower)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~2 sq ft each	4-6 ft	~88 days	S				I
Tobacco⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b⚠ Toxic · Restricted in some states	~4 sq ft each	3-10 ft	~120 days	S				I
Tomatillo⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	2-4 ft	~65 days	S				I
Tomato⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	3-6 ft	~70 days	S				I
Torenia (Wishbone Flower)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	~80 days	S			I
Trinidad Moruga Scorpion Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2.5-3 ft	~115 days	S			I
Trinidad Scorpion Butch T Pepper⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2.5-3 ft	~95 days	S			I
Tulip⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	7 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~180 days	S
Turnip⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~50 days						S
Upland Cress⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	4-8 in	~50 days						S
Valerian⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~2 sq ft each	4-6.5 ft	~730 days after transplanting	S				I
Vegetable Amaranth⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~40 days	S
Verbena⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~2 sq ft each	0.5-1 ft	~80 days	S			I
Veronica (Speedwell)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	2-3 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Vinca (Madagascar Periwinkle)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	~80 days	S			I
Watercress⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	9 per sq ft	4-10 in	~50 days						I/S
Watermelon⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~10 sq ft each	6-10 in	~85 days	S
Wax Begonia⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	2 per sq ft	0.5-2 ft	~90 days	S			I
White Sage⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	~90 days	S				I
Wild Bergamot⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~9 sq ft each	2-4 ft	First real harvest the season after planting						S
Winter Savory⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	~90 days	S				I
Winter Squash⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	1-1.5 ft	~100 days	S
Xeranthemum (Immortelle)⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	~85 days	S				I
Yacon⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	4-6 ft	~210 days	S				I
Yarrow⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	~100 days	S			I
Za'atar Oregano⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	~90 days	S				I
Zinnia⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	1 per sq ft	1-4 ft	~65 days	S					I
Zucchini⚠ Not recommended for zone 12b	~4 sq ft each	2-3 ft	~50 days	S					I

Vegetables & Herbs

Plant	Spacing	Height	Window	Method	Start indoors	Direct sow / transplant	Est. harvest
Achira	~4 sq ft each	4-8 ft	—	Either	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Jul 14–Jul 21
American Ginseng	4 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	About 3 years after planting
Angelica	~2 sq ft each	6-8 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 11–Dec 18	About a year after planting
Anise	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	May 11–May 18
Anise Hyssop	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Either	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 20–Mar 27
Artichoke	~5 sq ft each	3-4 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Dec 11–Dec 18	Mar 16–Mar 23
Arugula	9 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Nov 27–Dec 4	Jan 6–Jan 13
Asparagus	~4 sq ft each	4-5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 3
Basil	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 16–Mar 23
Beet	9 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 11–Dec 18	Feb 4–Feb 11
Belgian Endive (Witloof)	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	May 1–May 8
Birdhouse Gourd	~10 sq ft each	8-15 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 20–Apr 27
Bok Choy	1 per sq ft	1 ft	—	Either	Nov 27–Dec 4	Jan 1–Jan 8	Feb 20–Feb 27
Borage	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Feb 25–Mar 4
Broccoli	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 21–Feb 28
Broccoli Rabe (Raab)	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 11–Dec 18	Jan 25–Feb 1
Broccolini	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 27–Dec 4	Jan 1–Jan 8	Feb 25–Mar 4
Brussels Sprouts	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 23–Mar 30
Burdock	4 per sq ft	2-4 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	May 8–May 15
Bush Beans	9 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 4–Mar 11
Cabbage	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 26–Mar 5
Cantaloupe	~4 sq ft each	0.5-1 ft	—	Either	Dec 11–Dec 18	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 5–Apr 12
Caraway	4 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 11–Dec 18	About a year after planting
Cardoon	~4 sq ft each	3-4 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 15–Jan 22	May 15–May 22
Carrot	16 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 11–Dec 18	Feb 19–Feb 26
Catmint	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 29–Apr 5
Catnip	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 22–Mar 29
Cauliflower	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 26–Mar 5
Celeriac (Celery Root)	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 28–Apr 4
Celery	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Dec 18–Dec 25	Apr 17–Apr 24
Celtuce (Stem Lettuce)	2 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Either	Dec 4–Dec 11	Dec 11–Dec 18	Mar 1–Mar 8
Chamomile (German)	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 2–Mar 9
Chervil	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Either	Nov 6–Nov 13	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 16–Feb 23
Chives	9 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Either	Nov 6–Nov 13	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 16–Feb 23
Cilantro	9 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Feb 20–Feb 27
Citronella Plant (Mosquito Plant)	~4 sq ft each	2-3 ft	—	Buy as a start	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 9–Mar 16
Claytonia (Miner's Lettuce)	9 per sq ft	3-6 in	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Feb 10–Feb 17
Collard Greens	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Dec 11–Dec 18	Feb 19–Feb 26
Cucamelon	1 per sq ft	8-13.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Dec 4–Dec 11	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 26–Apr 2
Cucumber	2 per sq ft	5-6 ft	—	Either	Dec 11–Dec 18	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 4–Mar 11
Cumin	9 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 22–Jan 29	May 22–May 29
Cutting Celery (Leaf Celery)	4 per sq ft	1.5 ft	—	Either	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 7–Mar 14
Daikon Radish	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 2–Mar 9
Dandelion (Cultivated)	4 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 2–Mar 9
Dill	4 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 25–Jan 1	Feb 18–Feb 25
Edamame (Soybean)	4 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 3–Apr 10
Eggplant	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 31–Apr 7
Epazote	~2 sq ft each	2-5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 2–Mar 9
Escarole (Endive)	2 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Either	Dec 4–Dec 11	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 13–Mar 20
Fava Bean (Broad Bean)	4 per sq ft	2-4 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 11–Dec 18	Feb 26–Mar 5
Fennel (Florence/bulbing)	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Either	Nov 27–Dec 4	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 15–Apr 22
Flower Sprouts	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 28–Apr 4
Gai Lan (Chinese Broccoli)	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 1–Feb 8
Garlic	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Aug 14–Aug 21	Apr 11–Apr 18
Garlic Chives (Chinese Leeks)	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 29–Apr 5
Goldenseal	4 per sq ft	1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	About 3 years after planting
Ground Cherry (Husk Cherry)	~2 sq ft each	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 22–Jan 29	Apr 9–Apr 16
Horehound	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest the season after planting
Horseradish	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Jul 7–Jul 14
Hyssop	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Either	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 3–Apr 10
Jicama	1 per sq ft	8-15 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 15–Jan 22	Jun 14–Jun 21
Kale	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Either	Nov 20–Nov 27	Dec 11–Dec 18	Feb 9–Feb 16
Kalettes	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 28–Apr 4
Kohlrabi	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Either	Nov 27–Dec 4	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 11–Feb 18
Komatsuna	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Jan 27–Feb 3
Lavender	1 per sq ft	1-2.5 ft	—	Buy as a start	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 18–Apr 25
Leek	9 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Dec 11–Dec 18	Mar 31–Apr 7
Lemon Balm	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 27–Dec 4	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 14–Mar 21
Lemongrass	1 per sq ft	1.5-4 ft	—	Buy as a start	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 18–Apr 25
Lettuce	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Either	Dec 4–Dec 11	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 1–Feb 8
Licorice Marigold	2 per sq ft	6-10 in	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 2–Mar 9
Lima Bean	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 22–Jan 29	Apr 7–Apr 14
Lovage	1 per sq ft	4-6.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 8–Apr 15
Luffa Gourd	~4 sq ft each	8-15 ft	—	Either	Dec 4–Dec 11	Jan 8–Jan 15	May 13–May 20
Mâche (Corn Salad)	9 per sq ft	2-4 in	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 4–Dec 11	Jan 23–Jan 30
Magenta Spreen	2 per sq ft	4-6 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 11–Dec 18	Jan 25–Feb 1
Malabar Spinach	2 per sq ft	6-10 ft	—	Either	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 19–Mar 26
Marjoram (Sweet)	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 14–Mar 21
Mashua	~2 sq ft each	2-8 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Jul 30–Aug 6
Mauka	~10 sq ft each	2-4 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 15–Jan 22	Jun 14–Jun 21
Mexican Mint Marigold	2 per sq ft	1.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 24–Mar 31
Milk Thistle	~4 sq ft each	3-5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Apr 17–Apr 24
Mint (Spearmint)	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Buy as a start	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 12–Mar 19
Mizuna	9 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 11–Dec 18	Jan 20–Jan 27
Molokhia (Egyptian Spinach)	4 per sq ft	3-5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 6–Mar 13
Mountain Mint	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 8–Apr 15
Mugwort	~16 sq ft each	2-4 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	First real harvest the season after planting
Mustard Greens	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 11–Dec 18	Jan 20–Jan 27
Napa Cabbage (Chinese Cabbage)	1 per sq ft	1 ft	—	Either	Dec 4–Dec 11	Jan 1–Jan 8	Feb 27–Mar 6
Oca	1 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Jul 30–Aug 6
Okra	1 per sq ft	5-6 ft	—	Either	Dec 4–Dec 11	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 14–Mar 21
Onion	16 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Dec 11–Dec 18	Mar 21–Mar 28
Orach (Mountain Spinach)	4 per sq ft	3-5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 1–Feb 8
Oregano	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 29–Apr 5
Parsley	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Either	Nov 6–Nov 13	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 3–Mar 10
Parsley Root (Hamburg Parsley)	9 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Apr 1–Apr 8
Parsnip	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Apr 7–Apr 14
Pea	8 per sq ft	3-6 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 19–Jan 26
Peanut	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	May 18–May 25
Pennyroyal	1 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	First real harvest the season after planting
Pineapple Sage	~10 sq ft each	3-5 ft	—	Buy as a start	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 8–Apr 15
Potato	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 18–Mar 25
Pumpkin	~10 sq ft each	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 28–May 5
Purslane	4 per sq ft	4-8 in	—	Either	Dec 11–Dec 18	Jan 1–Jan 8	Feb 20–Feb 27
Radicchio	2 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	—	Either	Dec 4–Dec 11	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 17–Mar 24
Radish	16 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 4–Dec 11	Dec 29–Jan 5
Rhubarb	~9 sq ft each	2-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 3
Root Chervil	9 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Oct 9–Oct 16	Mar 8–Mar 15
Roselle	~10 sq ft each	4-7 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Jun 14–Jun 21
Rosemary	1 per sq ft	2-4 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 15–Apr 22
Rue	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 8–Apr 15
Rutabaga	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Mar 5–Mar 12	Jun 3–Jun 10
Sage	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 31–Apr 7
Salad Burnet	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 24–Mar 31
Salsify	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	May 1–May 8
Saltwort	9 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Feb 15–Feb 22
Scallion (Green Onion)	9 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 16–Feb 23
Scorzonera (Black Salsify)	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	May 1–May 8
Sea Kale	~9 sq ft each	1.5-2.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 3
Shallot	9 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 11–Dec 18	Mar 29–Apr 5
Shiso (Perilla)	4 per sq ft	1-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 31–Apr 7
Skirret	~1 sq ft each	1.5-2.5 ft	—	Either	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 1–Jan 8	First real harvest the season after planting
Sorrel	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Either	Nov 27–Dec 4	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 6–Feb 13
Spinach	9 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 4–Dec 11	Jan 13–Jan 20
Stevia	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	—	Buy as a start	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 8–Apr 15
Summer Savory	4 per sq ft	5-7 in	—	Either	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 2–Mar 9
Summer Squash (Yellow)	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Either	Dec 11–Dec 18	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 4–Mar 11
Sunchoke (Jerusalem Artichoke)	~16 sq ft each	6-10 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest the season after planting
Sweet Corn	1 per sq ft	5-8 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 24–Mar 31
Sweet Potato	~4 sq ft each	0.5-1 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 22–Jan 29	May 12–May 19
Swiss Chard	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Either	Dec 4–Dec 11	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 11–Feb 18
Tansy	1 per sq ft	1-5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest the season after planting
Tarragon (French)	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	—	Buy as a start	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 14–Mar 21
Tatsoi	9 per sq ft	4-8 in	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 11–Dec 18	Jan 25–Feb 1
Thyme	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 8–Apr 15
Tobacco	~4 sq ft each	3-10 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	May 15–May 22
Tomatillo	~4 sq ft each	2-4 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 22–Jan 29	Mar 28–Apr 4
Tomato	1 per sq ft	3-6 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 26–Apr 2
Turnip	9 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 11–Dec 18	Jan 30–Feb 6
Upland Cress	9 per sq ft	4-8 in	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 25–Jan 1	Feb 13–Feb 20
Valerian	~2 sq ft each	4-6.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 8–Jan 15	About 2 years after planting
Vegetable Amaranth	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 15–Jan 22	Feb 24–Mar 3
Watercress	9 per sq ft	4-10 in	—	Either	Dec 11–Dec 18	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 6–Feb 13
Watermelon	~10 sq ft each	6-10 in	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 10–Apr 17
White Sage	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	—	Either	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 1–Jan 8	Apr 1–Apr 8
Wild Bergamot	~9 sq ft each	2-4 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 4–Dec 11	First real harvest the season after planting
Winter Savory	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 8–Apr 15
Winter Squash	~4 sq ft each	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 18–Apr 25
Yacon	~4 sq ft each	4-6 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 22–Jan 29	Aug 20–Aug 27
Za'atar Oregano	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 15–Apr 22
Zucchini	~4 sq ft each	2-3 ft	—	Either	Dec 11–Dec 18	Jan 8–Jan 15	Feb 27–Mar 6

Peppers

Plant	Spacing	Height	Window	Method	Start indoors	Direct sow / transplant	Est. harvest
7 Pot Douglah Pepper (Chocolate 7 Pot)	1 per sq ft	2.5-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 16–Oct 23	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 20–Apr 27
7 Pot Primo Pepper	1 per sq ft	2.5-3.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 16–Oct 23	Jan 15–Jan 22	May 5–May 12
Aji Amarillo Pepper	1 per sq ft	2.5-3.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 15–Apr 22
Anaheim Pepper (New Mexico, Hatch)	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 3–Apr 10
Bell Pepper	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 31–Apr 7
Carolina Reaper Pepper	~4 sq ft each	4-5 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 16–Oct 23	Jan 15–Jan 22	May 10–May 17
Cayenne Pepper	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 26–Apr 2
Chile de Árbol Pepper	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 10–Apr 17
Cubanelle Pepper	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 26–Apr 2
Datil Pepper	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 20–Apr 27
Dorset Naga Pepper	1 per sq ft	3-4 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 16–Oct 23	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 20–Apr 27
Fresno Pepper	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 31–Apr 7
Ghost Pepper (Bhut Jolokia)	1 per sq ft	3-4 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 16–Oct 23	Jan 15–Jan 22	May 10–May 17
Guajillo Pepper (Mirasol)	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 31–Apr 7
Habanero Pepper	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 20–Apr 27
Hungarian Wax Pepper	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 26–Apr 2
Italian Frying Pepper (Corno di Toro, Marconi)	1 per sq ft	2.5-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 26–Apr 2
Jalapeño Pepper	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 28–Apr 4
Komodo Dragon Pepper	1 per sq ft	2.5-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 16–Oct 23	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 30–May 7
Lemon Drop Pepper	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 25–May 2
Mini Sweet Pepper (Snacking)	1 per sq ft	2-4 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 26–Apr 2
Naga Viper Pepper	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 16–Oct 23	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 25–May 2
Padrón Pepper	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 16–Mar 23
Pasilla Pepper (Chilaca)	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 5–Apr 12
Pimento Pepper	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 5–Apr 12
Poblano Pepper (Ancho)	1 per sq ft	2-4 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 26–Apr 2
Rocoto Pepper	~4 sq ft each	3-4 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 9–Oct 16	Jan 15–Jan 22	May 15–May 22
Scotch Bonnet Pepper	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 15–Apr 22
Serrano Pepper	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 3–Apr 10
Shishito Pepper	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 16–Mar 23
Superhot Pepper (Ghost, Reaper, Scorpion)	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 16–Oct 23	Jan 15–Jan 22	May 30–Jun 6
Sweet Banana Pepper	1 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 26–Apr 2
Sweet Cherry Pepper	1 per sq ft	2-2.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 31–Apr 7
Tabasco Pepper	1 per sq ft	2.5-4 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 10–Apr 17
Thai Chili Pepper (Bird's Eye)	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 5–Apr 12
Trinidad Moruga Scorpion Pepper	1 per sq ft	2.5-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 16–Oct 23	Jan 15–Jan 22	May 10–May 17
Trinidad Scorpion Butch T Pepper	1 per sq ft	2.5-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 16–Oct 23	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 20–Apr 27

Fruit & Berries

These stay in the ground for years. The planting window is when to put a bare-root or potted plant in, and the last column is how long before it crops properly rather than a harvest date.

Plant	Space needed	Height	Hardy zones	Plant out	First real harvest
Apple	~18 ft across	15-20 ft	3–8	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 4
Apricot	~16 ft across	13-16 ft	5–8	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 4
Aronia (Black Chokeberry)	~5 ft across	4-8 ft	3–8	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 3
Blackberry	~3 ft across	5-8 ft	5–9	Dec 4–Dec 11	First real harvest the season after planting
Blueberry	~4 ft across	3-6 ft	3–8	Dec 4–Dec 11	First real harvest in year 3
Currant	~4 ft across	3-5 ft	3–8	Dec 4–Dec 11	First real harvest the season after planting
Elderberry	~7 ft across	8-10 ft	3–9	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 3
Fig	~8 ft across	8-15 ft	7–11	Jan 15–Jan 22	First real harvest the season after planting
Goji Berry	~5 ft across	3-6 ft	4–7	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 3
Gooseberry	~4 ft across	3-4 ft	3–8	Dec 4–Dec 11	First real harvest the season after planting
Grape	~8 ft across	6-10 ft	4–10	Dec 11–Dec 18	First real harvest in year 3
Honeyberry (Haskap)	~4 ft across	3-6 ft	2–7	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 3
Lingonberry	~2 ft across	0.5-1.5 ft	3–7	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 3
Mulberry	~8 ft across	10-20 ft	4–9	Jan 1–Jan 8	First real harvest in year 4
Nanking Cherry	~8 ft across	8-12 ft	2–7	Dec 4–Dec 11	First real harvest in year 4
Pawpaw	~8 ft across	15-20 ft	5–9	Jan 1–Jan 8	First real harvest in year 5
Peach	~18 ft across	12-15 ft	5–9	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 4
Pear	~15 ft across	14-18 ft	4–8	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 5
Plum	~16 ft across	15-18 ft	4–8	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 5
Quince	~8 ft across	10-15 ft	5–9	Jan 1–Jan 8	First real harvest in year 4
Raspberry	~2 ft across	5-6 ft	3–8	Dec 4–Dec 11	First real harvest the season after planting
Serviceberry (Juneberry)	~8 ft across	6-15 ft	3–8	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 4
Strawberry	~1 ft across	6-8 in	3–10	Dec 11–Dec 18	First real harvest the season after planting
Sweet Cherry	~18 ft across	16-20 ft	5–8	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 5
Tart Cherry	~15 ft across	12-16 ft	4–8	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest in year 4

Flowers

Plant	Spacing	Height	Window	Method	Start indoors	Direct sow / transplant	Est. bloom
African Daisy	2 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 2–Mar 9
Ageratum (Flossflower)	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 24–Mar 31
Agrostemma (Corn Cockle)	2 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Either	Dec 4–Dec 11	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 3–Mar 10
Amaranthus (Love-Lies-Bleeding)	1 per sq ft	3-5 ft	—	Either	Nov 27–Dec 4	Jan 1–Jan 8	Apr 1–Apr 8
Amaryllis	1 per sq ft	1-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	First real harvest the season after planting
Ammi (False Queen Anne's Lace)	2 per sq ft	3-4 ft	—	Either	Nov 27–Dec 4	Jan 1–Jan 8	Apr 11–Apr 18
Ammobium (Winged Everlasting)	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 22–Mar 29
Angelonia (Summer Snapdragon)	2 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 23–Apr 30
Annual Geranium (Pelargonium)	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 30–Nov 6	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 8–Apr 15
Astilbe	~4 sq ft each	1.5-4.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest the season after planting
Bachelor's Button (Cornflower)	3 per sq ft	1-3 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 3–Mar 10
Basket-of-Gold	1 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest the season after planting
Bee Balm	1 per sq ft	2-4 ft	—	Buy as a start	—	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 25–May 2
Bells of Ireland	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Dec 25–Jan 1	Mar 25–Apr 1
Black-Eyed Susan	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Dec 11–Dec 18	Feb 19–Feb 26
Black-Eyed Susan Vine	1 per sq ft	3-8 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 25–May 2
Bleeding Heart	~4 sq ft each	2-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 4–Dec 11	First real harvest the season after planting
Bupleurum (Thoroughwax)	2 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 18–Mar 25
Butterfly Weed (Asclepias)	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 8–Jan 15	About a year after planting
Calendula	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 6–Feb 13
California Bluebell	2 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 12–Mar 19
California Poppy	2 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 8–Mar 15
Calla Lily	1 per sq ft	2-3.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	First real harvest the season after planting
Campanula (Bellflower)	2 per sq ft	2.5-3.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	May 8–May 15
Candytuft	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 26–Mar 5
Carnation	4 per sq ft	2-2.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Dec 25–Jan 1	May 9–May 16
Carthamus (Safflower)	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Either	Dec 4–Dec 11	Jan 1–Jan 8	Apr 1–Apr 8
Castor Bean	~10 sq ft each	6-10 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 18–Apr 25
Celosia	2 per sq ft	1-2.5 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 29–Apr 5
Cerinthe (Honeywort)	2 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Either	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 17–Mar 24
China Aster	4 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 8–Apr 15
Chrysanthemum (Garden Mum)	1 per sq ft	1-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	First real harvest the season after planting
Clarkia (Farewell-to-Spring)	4 per sq ft	1-3 ft	—	Either	Dec 4–Dec 11	Dec 11–Dec 18	Feb 24–Mar 3
Cleome (Spider Flower)	1 per sq ft	1.5-6 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 31–Apr 7
Coleus	1 per sq ft	0.5-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 31–Apr 7
Columbine	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 30–Nov 6	Jan 8–Jan 15	About a year after planting
Coreopsis (Tickseed)	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 29–Apr 5
Corn Poppy	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 18–Mar 25
Cosmos	1 per sq ft	2-6 ft	—	Either	Nov 27–Dec 4	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 19–Mar 26
Cranberry Hibiscus	~4 sq ft each	3.5-6 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 18–Apr 25
Craspedia (Drumstick Flower)	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	May 3–May 10
Crocus	12 per sq ft	3-6 in	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	May 31–Jun 7
Cynoglossum (Chinese Forget-Me-Not)	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Either	Dec 4–Dec 11	Dec 11–Dec 18	Feb 24–Mar 3
Daffodil (Narcissus)	5 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	May 31–Jun 7
Dahlia	1 per sq ft	1-5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 15–Apr 22
Delphinium	1 per sq ft	3-6 ft	—	Buy as a start	—	Jan 22–Jan 29	Jun 21–Jun 28
Desert Marigold	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 24–Mar 31
Didiscus (Blue Lace Flower)	2 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Apr 1–Apr 8
Dusty Miller	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 30–Nov 6	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 8–Apr 15
Dutch Iris	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Jul 30–Aug 6
Echinops (Globe Thistle)	~2 sq ft each	2.5-4 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	About a year after planting
Eryngium (Sea Holly)	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 2–Oct 9	Jan 8–Jan 15	About a year after planting
Eucalyptus	1 per sq ft	2-4 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 30–Nov 6	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 18–Apr 25
Euphorbia (Snow-on-the-Mountain)	4 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Either	Nov 27–Dec 4	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 22–Mar 29
Feverfew	2 per sq ft	2.5-3 ft	—	Either	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 22–Mar 29
Forget-Me-Not	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 26–Mar 5
Four O'Clock	~2 sq ft each	2-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 19–Mar 26
Foxglove	1 per sq ft	2-5 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 16–Oct 23	Jan 8–Jan 15	About a year after planting
Gaillardia (Blanket Flower)	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 29–Apr 5
Gazania	2 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 24–Mar 31
Gladiolus	2 per sq ft	2-4 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 18–Mar 25
Gomphrena (Globe Amaranth)	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 8–Apr 15
Gypsophila (Baby's Breath)	2 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 24–Mar 31
Helipterum (Paper Daisy)	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 29–Apr 5
Heuchera (Coral Bells)	1 per sq ft	1-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest the season after planting
Hollyhock	~5 sq ft each	5-9 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Jun 16–Jun 23
Honesty (Lunaria)	~2 sq ft each	2-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	May 1–May 8
Hosta	~4 sq ft each	0.5-2.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest the season after planting
Hyacinth	5 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	May 31–Jun 7
Hyacinth Bean Vine	1 per sq ft	6-12 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 22–Jan 29	Apr 22–Apr 29
Impatiens	2 per sq ft	0.5-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 31–Apr 7
Johnny Jump Up	4 per sq ft	3-10 in	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 21–Feb 28
Lantana	~7 sq ft each	1-2 ft	—	Buy as a start	—	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 15–Apr 22
Larkspur	1 per sq ft	3-4 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 4–Dec 11	Mar 9–Mar 16
Lavatera (Annual Mallow)	~4 sq ft each	2-4 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Apr 1–Apr 8
Liatris (Blazing Star)	1 per sq ft	3-6 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest the season after planting
Lisianthus	2 per sq ft	1-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 2–Oct 9	Jan 8–Jan 15	Jun 7–Jun 14
Lobelia	4 per sq ft	4-8 in	—	Start indoors	Oct 30–Nov 6	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 29–Apr 5
Love-in-a-Mist (Nigella)	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 3–Mar 10
Lupine	~2 sq ft each	2-4 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	Mar 8–Mar 15
Maiden Pinks	1 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest the season after planting
Mallow (High Mallow)	~4 sq ft each	2-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Apr 21–Apr 28
Marigold	4 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Either	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 8–Jan 15	Feb 27–Mar 6
Moonflower	2 per sq ft	10-20 ft	—	Either	Nov 27–Dec 4	Jan 1–Jan 8	Apr 1–Apr 8
Morning Glory	~4 sq ft each	8-10 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 31–Apr 7
Nasturtium	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 4–Mar 11
Nicotiana (Flowering Tobacco)	1 per sq ft	1.5-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 24–Mar 31
Orlaya (Laceflower)	2 per sq ft	2-2.5 ft	—	Either	Nov 27–Dec 4	Dec 25–Jan 1	Mar 25–Apr 1
Ornamental Allium	5 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Jul 15–Jul 22
Osteospermum	1 per sq ft	1-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 8–Apr 15
Pansy / Viola	2 per sq ft	6-9 in	—	Start indoors	Oct 9–Oct 16	Dec 18–Dec 25	Feb 21–Feb 28
Penstemon (Beardtongue)	1 per sq ft	2-4 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 4–Dec 11	First real harvest the season after planting
Petunia	1 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 30–Nov 6	Jan 15–Jan 22	Mar 26–Apr 2
Phacelia (Lacy Phacelia)	4 per sq ft	2.5-3.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 11–Dec 18	Feb 19–Feb 26
Phlox (Annual)	2 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	—	Either	Nov 27–Dec 4	Dec 25–Jan 1	Mar 5–Mar 12
Portulaca (Moss Rose)	1 per sq ft	4-8 in	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 9–Mar 16
Primula	2 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest the season after planting
Purple Coneflower	~4 sq ft each	2-3 ft	—	Either	Oct 30–Nov 6	Dec 11–Dec 18	About a year after planting
Ranunculus	5 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 25–Jan 1	Apr 9–Apr 16
Rock Soapwort	~4 sq ft each	6-9 in	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest the season after planting
Saffron Crocus	9 per sq ft	4-10 in	—	Direct sow	—	Aug 14–Aug 21	About a year after planting
Salvia (Scarlet Sage)	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 6–Nov 13	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 5–Apr 12
Saponaria (Soapwort)	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Either	Dec 11–Dec 18	Dec 11–Dec 18	Feb 19–Feb 26
Scabiosa (Pincushion Flower)	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 8–Jan 15	May 8–May 15
Scarlet Flax	4 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 12–Mar 19
Scarlet Runner Bean	1 per sq ft	6-9 ft	—	Either	Dec 11–Dec 18	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 19–Mar 26
Sedum (Showy Stonecrop)	~4 sq ft each	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest the season after planting
Shasta Daisy	1 per sq ft	1.5-2.5 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Dec 11–Dec 18	Mar 26–Apr 2
Showy Evening Primrose	1 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	First real harvest the season after planting
Snapdragon	2 per sq ft	1-3 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 30–Nov 6	Dec 25–Jan 1	Mar 25–Apr 1
Spilanthes (Toothache Plant)	2 per sq ft	0.5-1 ft	—	Either	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 14–Mar 21
Statice	1 per sq ft	2-2.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 8–Jan 15	Apr 8–Apr 15
Stock	2 per sq ft	2-2.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 22–Mar 29
Strawflower	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 22–Mar 29
Sunflower	~2 sq ft each	3-12 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 22–Mar 29
Sweet Alyssum	3 per sq ft	3-10 in	—	Either	Nov 13–Nov 20	Jan 1–Jan 8	Feb 10–Feb 17
Sweet Annie (Artemisia)	1 per sq ft	4-6 ft	—	Either	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 1–Jan 8	Apr 11–Apr 18
Sweet Pea	2 per sq ft	5-8 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Nov 20–Nov 27	Feb 13–Feb 20
Sweet William	4 per sq ft	1-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Nov 13–Nov 20	Dec 25–Jan 1	Feb 23–Mar 2
Tithonia (Mexican Sunflower)	~2 sq ft each	4-6 ft	—	Either	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 13–Apr 20
Torenia (Wishbone Flower)	4 per sq ft	0.5-1.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 5–Apr 12
Tulip	7 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Jan 1–Jan 8	Jun 30–Jul 7
Verbena	~2 sq ft each	0.5-1 ft	—	Either	Oct 23–Oct 30	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 29–Apr 5
Veronica (Speedwell)	~4 sq ft each	2-3 ft	—	Direct sow	—	Dec 18–Dec 25	First real harvest the season after planting
Vinca (Madagascar Periwinkle)	1 per sq ft	1-1.5 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 23–Oct 30	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 5–Apr 12
Wax Begonia	2 per sq ft	0.5-2 ft	—	Start indoors	Oct 9–Oct 16	Jan 15–Jan 22	Apr 15–Apr 22
Xeranthemum (Immortelle)	4 per sq ft	1.5-2 ft	—	Either	Nov 20–Nov 27	Jan 1–Jan 8	Mar 27–Apr 3
Yarrow	1 per sq ft	2-3 ft	—	Either	Oct 30–Nov 6	Jan 1–Jan 8	Apr 11–Apr 18
Zinnia	1 per sq ft	1-4 ft	—	Either	Dec 4–Dec 11	Jan 8–Jan 15	Mar 14–Mar 21

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Zone 12b frost dates: when to expect the last spring frost, the first fall frost, and how long that leaves for a growing season.

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Worth having in October

Nisaku NJP650 Hori-Hori Weeding KnifeDepth markings on the blade for planting bulbs and garlic at the right depth.Check price on Amazon →Agfabric 0.55oz Floating Row CoverLight enough to leave on through a cold night when a frost threatens early or late plantings.Check price on Amazon →FCMP Outdoor IM4000 Dual Chamber Tumbling ComposterTwo chambers, so one batch finishes while you add fall leaves and scraps to the other.Check price on Amazon →

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Zone 12a & 12b Planting Calendar

Vegetables & Herbs

Peppers

Fruit & Berries

Flowers

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